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Account Module
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##############
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The account module define fundamentals for most of accounting needs.
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Fiscal Year
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***********
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A fiscal year aggregate a set of periods that are included between two
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dates. A Fiscal year can be *Open* or *Closed*. Closing a fiscal year
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will close all the corresponding periods.
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- Name: The name of the fiscal year.
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- Code: The code.
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- Starting and Ending Date: The dates in which the periods should be
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included.
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- Company: The company for which the fiscal year is defined.
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- State: Can be *Open* or *Closed*.
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- Periods: The list of periods.
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- Post Move Sequence: The sequence to use for numbering moves in this
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fiscal year.
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Period
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******
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A period is mainly defined by a Starting and an Ending date, a Fiscal
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Year, a Type and a State (*Open* or *Closed* ).
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The type can be *Standard* or *Adjustement*: Periods of type
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*Standard* on the same fiscal year can not overlap. Period of type
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*Adjustement* can overlap other periods and are typically used for all
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the accounting moves that must be created when closing a fiscal year.
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Each account move must be linked to a period and a move must be
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created on an open period.
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Account Type
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************
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The Account Type Model define the structure of the accounting reports:
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- Income Statement: A checkbox that tells if accounts of this type
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must appear at the top level of the Income Statement report.
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- Balance Sheet: A checkbox that tells if accounts of this type
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must appear at the top level of the Balance Sheet report.
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- Display Balance: A selection that allow to choose how the balance
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should be computed (Debit - Credit or Credit - Debit)
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Account
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*******
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An Account is defined by these fields:
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- Name
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- Code
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- Company
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- Parent Account
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- Currency
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- kind: can take one of these values:
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- Payable or Receivable: if the account is used respectively on
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credit and debit moves of parties.
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- Expense or Revenue: if the account is used respectively on expense
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and revenue moves of parties.
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- View: means that the account is used to group other accounts in
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the account chart.
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- Other: For other accounts.
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- Type: The Account Type of the account.
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- Deferral: A checkbox. If set to true, credits and debits are carried
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over form fiscal year to fiscal year.
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- Second currency: Force all moves for the account to have this
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secondary currency.
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- Reconcile: Allow move lines of this account to be reconciled.
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- A list of tax: This auto-complete move with new moves lines
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corresponding to thoses taxes if the user create a line linked to
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the current account.
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- Note
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Journal
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*******
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A Journal contains the following fields:
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- Name
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- Code
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- Active: A checkbox that allow to disable the tax.
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- View: Defines how the moves lines of this journal should be
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displayed.
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- Centralised counterpart: If true all created lines are linked to the
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last open movement for the current journal and the current period.
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- Update Posted: if true it allow to upated posted moves of this
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journal.
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- Default Credit Account, Default Debit Account: Used as default
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accounts on move lines for centralised journals and for journal of
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*Cash* type.
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- Type: By default take one of the following values: *General*,
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*Revenue*, *Expense*, *Cash*, *Situation*.
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Move
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****
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A Move groups a list of Move Lines. It contains the following fields:
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- Name
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- Reference
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- Period
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- Journal
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- Effective Date: The date the move was created.
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- Post Date: The date the move was posted.
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- State: Can be *Draft* or *Posted*. A move should be balanced before
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being posted. Once posted the move gets a Reference number, the
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lines are posted and they can not be edited anymore.
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- Lines: The move lines.
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Moves Line:
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***********
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A Move Line is an amount of money that is credited to or debited from
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an account. The fields are:
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- Name
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- Reference
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- Debit and Credit: Define the debited or credited amount. These two
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values can not be non-zero at the same time.
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- Account: The account.
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- Move: The move that links all the corresponding lines.
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- State: Can take one of the following value:
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- *Draft*: The line is part of a non-balanced move.
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- *Valid*: The line is part of a balanced move.
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- *Posted*: The line is part of a posted move.
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- Second Currency and Amount Second Currency: allow to keep track of
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the original amount if the underlying transaction was made in an
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other currency.
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- Maturity Date: used for payable and receivable lines. The Maturity
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Date is the limit date for the payment.
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- Reconciliation: Hold a reconciliation number if applicable.
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- Journal, Period, Date: The values on these fields comes from the
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corresponding move.
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- Tax Lines
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The *Reconcile Lines* wizard allow to link move lines of the same
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acount for whose the credit sum is equal to the debit sum. If the
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selected lines are not balanced, the wizard offer to create a
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write-off.
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The *Unreconcile Lines* wizard allow to do the inverse operation.
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Tax Code
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********
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The tax codes defines a tree structure and are used to create the tax
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reports. They are used to collect the tax amounts and the base amounts
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of the invoices. The Tax Code model contains the followong fields:
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- Name
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- Code
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- Active: A checkbox that allow to disable the tax code.
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- Company: The company for which the tax code is defined.
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- Parent, Children: Parent and children tax codes.
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- Sum: The sum of all amounts corresponding to this tax code.
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Tax
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***
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The tax model defines taxes, how the tax amount are computed and which
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tax code to use when creating invoices. The Tax model is defined by
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the following fields:
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- Name
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- Description
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- Group
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- Active: A checkbox that allow to disable the tax code.
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- Sequence
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- Type: May be *Percentage* or *Fixed*.
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- Amount: If Type is *Fixed*, defines a fix amount for the tax.
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- Percentage: If Type is *Percentage*, defines the percentage of the
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tax.
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- Parent, Children: Parent and children taxes
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- Company: The company for which the tax code is defined.
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- Invoice Account: The account to use when creating move lines for
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invoicing with this tax.
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- Credit Note Account: The account to use when creating move lines for
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credit notes with this tax.
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- Invoice Base Code: The code to use for the base amount when this tax
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is used on invoices.
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- Invoice Base Sign: The sign of the base amount when summed for the
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above tax code.
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- Invoice Tax Code: The code to use for the tax amount when this tax
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is used on invoices.
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- Invoice Tax Sign: The sign of the tax amount when summed for the
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above tax code.
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- Credit Note Base Code: The code to use for the base amount when this tax
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is used on credit notes.
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- Credit Note Base Sign: The sign of the base amount summed for the
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above tax code.
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- Credit Note Tax Code: The code to use for the tax amount when this tax
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is used on credit notes.
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- Credit Note Tax Sign: The sign of the tax amount when summed for the
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above tax code.
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Templates
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*********
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The Template models (Account Template, Account Type Template, Tax
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Template, Tax Code Template, etc) are the equivalent of their
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counterparts except that they are not linked to a company. A wizard
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allow to create and update from templates the corresponding objects.
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